Nigeria’s labour environment has come under renewed scrutiny after the country was listed among the 10 worst nations globally for workers’ rights in the 2026 Global Rights Index released by the International Trade Union Confederation, drawing attention to concerns over the protection of employees and trade unions.

The report, which assessed about 150 countries, focused on issues such as freedom of association, collective bargaining, the right to strike and freedom of expression in the workplace. According to the ITUC, the latest findings reflect the most challenging global conditions for workers since the index was introduced, with Nigeria featuring prominently among countries facing serious labour rights concerns.

A key issue highlighted in the assessment was the prolonged leadership dispute involving the Nigeria Labour Congress in Edo State. The labour body alleged that events dating back to December 2024 weakened union independence after the NLC secretariat in Benin City was reportedly occupied and access to recognised union leaders restricted.

The report also referenced developments in 2025 surrounding attempts to inaugurate a caretaker committee amid the ongoing dispute.

Beyond the Edo crisis, the index raised concerns about the ability of workers in some private-sector organisations to freely choose union representation. The report cited allegations involving MTN Nigeria, Daewoo Nigeria and the Dangote Refinery, claiming that some employees faced obstacles in joining unions of their choice. The organisations were mentioned in the report as part of broader concerns about employer interference in labour activities.

The findings have intensified discussions about institutional responsibility in safeguarding workplace rights. Labour advocates argue that effective protection of workers depends on strong adherence to existing labour laws, transparent dispute-resolution mechanisms and respect for the autonomy of trade unions. The report suggests that failures in these areas can weaken confidence in industrial relations and workplace governance.

While the ITUC called on governments and employers worldwide to uphold international labour standards, the Nigerian case underscores a broader challenge facing labour institutions. The report concludes that protecting workers from intimidation, discrimination and restrictions on union activities remains critical to strengthening democratic participation in the workplace and ensuring fair conditions for millions of employees across the country